The Tylenol in your ass theory of moderate Islam

“I have been made victorious with terror” – The Prophet Muhammad, Founder of Islam –
Taken from Hadith Bukari. This is core Islamic teaching, taught to Sunni Muslims. 85 to 90 Percent of the world’s Muslims are Sunni. Here is another quote, regarding Islamic terrorism: “No religion teaches this!” – Barack Hussein Obama, President of America – Protector of Islam.

But what about the rest of our “leaders”? What’s their excuse? Well, some of our leaders are stupid, some are insane and some rationalize doing anything to get money from lobbyists paid for by Arab oil. And then there are a few who have a clue, but they are clearly out numbered. However, I’ll come back to that in a moment.

Now, here is an analogy for you…

IF 3 OUT OF 4 PEOPLE TAKE TYLENOL AS A SUPPOSITORY even though the bottle clearly says to take two tablets orally, for a headache, does that mean that how you take Tylenol is really open to interpretation? The Quran says over and over and over to kill and subjugate the nonbeliever and to spread Islam, by force, until the entire world submits to Islam. The references are clear and endless. Now, just because maybe your friend from work, who just happens to be Muslim, hasn’t tried to behead you, does not mean that what the Quran says is not relevant to what Islam is. And sticking a Tylenol up your ass will not change what it says on the bottle. The President has had a Tylenol in his rectum for 7 years and the headache of militant Islam has still not gone away.

Meanwhile, back in the painfully non-metaphorical world, a few final thoughts:

HILARY CLINTON SAYS that we need to learn to empathize with ISIS and try to also see their point of view.

BARACK HUSSEIN OBAMA SAYS that ISIS has been contained and that the act of Jihad (he won’t call it that) in Paris Friday was “a setback” and that “no religion teaches this kind of violence”. (Yes, it does actually, but if you try to teach a donkey to sing you just frustrate the donkey and you disappoint yourself.)

DEMOCRATIC HOUSE CANDIDATE DAN KIMMEL RECENTLY TWEETED that ISIS isn’t necessarily evil. It’s made up of people doing what they think is best for their community.

THIS IS WHAT WE CALL THE UNHOLY ALLIANCE BETWEEN ISLAM AND THE FAR LEFT.

And now would be a good time to hit the panic button.

Stop the Drama!

Nofal Ramay

Stop the Drama! That’s one statement for it. There has to be a clear difference between a morning show and a theatre performance, and Maya Khan has victoriously blurred it to invisibility. Don’t you get the feel of being cheated, your naivety in gluing your eyes on the morning TV screen being mocked at, and you as audience being hoaxed in the name of  ‘creating awareness’? Yet I should salute Ms. khan for her ‘genuine concern’ for the people of Pakistan and her absolute devotion in shelving her married life in a corner so she could rightly serve the nation.

Any better reasons than the ones given? For they miserably fail to appeal reason. Is she justifying the ‘drama’ staged for ramping up her show ratings by telling us the People of Pakistan; the parents and women, calling her  to take up the issue of park-dating, and that she was simply helping them? How? By orchestrating a brilliant performance and passing it for reality? Was this the only viable way left for her to bring the grave issue to light? Good Maths – minus multiplied by minus gives you plus, but truly Bad Ethics! Two negatives never make a positive is one lesson someone smart might have skipped.

Her fumbled response on not having a do’s and don’ts list must have given you bigger surprises. I’m not aware of an explicit and documented policy or law in our part of the world, but I’m sure of the well-defined, implicit values and notions taught from right after the birth that enlighten a person enough ton be able to differentiate between a glaring wrong and right. What more can I say on that- it’s all quite self-explanatory.

Given a prestigious platform where issues can be discussed and debated upon, without having the necessity of being enacted, does not legitimize any of the given limp excuses. For all the noble deeds Ms. Khan may have in her bank to vouch for her goodness have already come under a credibility check. It’s no one else’s fault; the ‘concerned host’ has herself lent her so-called credibility to fabrications.

And Yes the very NGOs whose good work she discounted for cashing in on the plight of downtrodden women, how does she distinguish herself from them? If this is how she labels them so and unjustly so, shouldn’t she choose a label for herself as well, for standing in precisely the same league. Banking on people’s miseries to earn yourself ratings, what nobility is that?

And a bigger wow to the public show of her private life by having her husband raise a complaint of her selfless devotion to solving her countrymen’s issue. Whatever dose this was, it was pretty inedible.

Being a part of media, to bring out the truth is one uphill task that comes under our very job description as journalists, but to package and present it in the folds of deception and deceit is unequivocally condemnable and despised.

Pakistan's Law Need To Have Some Change.....

Perhaps one of the biggest pitfalls of living in an age of rapid development is that the bad tends to progress with the good. In some ways, the former even ends up progressing faster. A computer virus is always developed first before an anti-virus software is created to combat the virus. In its wake the virus can leave trails of destruction such as identity theft, lost data, documents being stolen etc. It is the ability of anti-virus companies and software companies to come up with a solution fast enough that minimizes damage and thus minimizes the loss.

Rules have always been created because someone did something that mandated them. Similarly laws are mostly made on an ad-hoc basis as cases arise. Yet, unfortunately we have been unable to keep up to speed in this process of law making. As a result, so many actions occur which should be classified as “crimes” but aren’t so because either the laws have not been made, there is no implementation or worse that the problem is not even fully understood.

Bullying and harassment, a crime, which is most disregard as being one. While only just a few years ago we started taking harassment of women in the workplace seriously, other forms of harassment and bullying have been disregarded. With mobile phone usage on the rise with more than 100 million mobile users in the country harassment and bullying in the form of calls, messages and even on social media continue to happen. Some of these can take extreme forms. Girls have to leave college and schools because someone posts compromising images of them on social media or takes pictures of them using their phones. Some have even resorted to committing suicide. Apparently the victim is the one to blame and not the criminal. Still, there are no avenues that anyone who is being harassed, stalked or bullied can pursue easily. Most of these cases are not even taken seriously and as a result the trauma inflicted destroys the lives of many.

Another case is child abuse. Where it is not only a taboo to talk about, but children are never encouraged to come forward when they are facing abuse at the hands of teachers, parents or even strangers. Molestation is almost never reported. There is a need for stronger laws to be enacted to protect our children from horrible monsters lurking in our streets taking the shape of ordinary citizens! The United Nations state that child sex-abuse, a widespread problem in Pakistan, is on the rise at an alarming rate because it has been left largely unchecked due to its ‘sensitive’ nature. In Karachi 170,000 children live on the streets. Ninety percent of them have been sexually abused. Even those amongst the more privileged are not completely free from this horror.

Cybercrime again is a huge issue which we have left uncheck. While ministers and government officials use existing legislation for cybercrime to mostly block incriminating content against them and YouTube. It has not served any useful purpose for the common man. It is even now outdated and largely unenforced. For example, so many ATMs are popping up across the country now. Very easy targets for hackers and thieves who can install a device on top of the card reader which will read and record the ATM cards information which they can later use to withdraw money. Other forms of ATM fraud are fake calls asking for ATM PINs and other personal information which can be easily used in identity theft. What makes it worse is that given the poor consumer protection laws we have, it is the ordinary person who has to deal with and live with the consequences of the crime! The banks and corporations end up getting away with it.

Phishing is another form of stealing data where people are led to a fake website which looks just like the original. Generally these are websites of banks, government institutions and other organizations which are important and hold key data. Recently the FBR has also been a victim of this where malicious groups were sending out emails posing to be from FBR and redirecting them to a website where they were asked to enter their banking information. The government which takes pride in blocking websites like YouTube should at least enforce a block on these phishing sites as soon as they are discovered.

We now have a newly elected parliament and new legislators. I hope that they will pay a little more attention to these issues than their predecessors. Everyday we end up going further back in this battle against new crimes. If action is not quickly taken we might end up losing it, and losing it badly!

opportunities and challenges......

It is not rare to hear the phrase; “Pakistan’s future is very bright, because we have a seven crore youth population.” Most don’t even know whether the exact number is six, seven or eight! Yet, this has become part of the most widely used rhetoric about our country’s future and this rhetoric is even more prevalent on our national days. But, the problem with this assertion is quite simple, an army can have the best weapons in the world, but if it doesn’t use them properly and effectively it still loses the war.

The same is true for our youth; I would be stupid to deny the fact that our youth in a large percentage of our population (66% in fact) and that it is full of talented people who have great potential.
Yet, the problem remains the same if they and their potential isn’t used and channelised effectively there won’t not only be anything to gain but also there would be much to lose.
We must remember that, it is misguided youth caught in empty rhetoric that is donning suicide jackets, turning to crime, committing fraud and killing in places like Karachi. So what does this “proper and effective” using of their potential mean and what challenges stand in the way of doing so?
The first challenge is the education emergency that Pakistan is facing. Seven million children are missing out on primary education in Pakistan, enrolment in secondary schools stands at a mere 23% and only a mere 5% of Pakistanis make it to university. 25 million children are being denied their basic constitutional right to a free and compulsory education.
Furthermore, those who are being educated face the issue of attaining a quality education. According to the Education Emergency report, 50% of rural school children cannot read a sentence and only 35% can read a story compared to 25% of school children.
The second challenge is that of employment and economic prospects. According to the Next Generation Report, Pakistan will need 36 million more jobs in the next 10 years with our population increasing by 44% over the next 20! Our current unemployment rate stands in excess of 20%. This also partly contributes to the much talked about brain drain, because there simply isn’t enough room to accommodate a large part of our youth and what is more unfortunate that most of our talented students end up doing menial jobs abroad.
The third challenge is one that became more apparent to me over the past two weeks. Through interactions over facebook, emails, twitter and sms the level of depression, confusion, differing perspectives and the degrees of these segmentations became hauntingly clear. It is also not the varied opinions that are the challenge. Varying opinions and different beliefs are healthy and encourage diversity; however, it is the extent of blind faith and a lack of willingness to engage in dialogue, which is alarming. There seems to be no consensus on even the most basic of issues ranging from systems of governance, education and to some extent even terrorism.
The responsibility for creating and now meeting these challenges of course primarily lies with the state and its leadership, where leadership does not just mean the government, but it also includes: politicians, civil society, and the media. However, it is unfortunate that many a times the youth has just been reduced to a brand name that has been exploited by the same. The government holds one event a year, and then dismisses the youth until the next. Political parties only use young people for their street power and rallies, never including them in the decision making process. The media tries to use the youth for ratings; it calls them but by engaging them in rhetorical and conclusion-less debates only
These rhetorics lead to the hopelessness or the false hope that the youth are engulfed in today. The government needs to work on education with a solid political will and create economic opportunities. Political parties need to listen to the youth and not just exploit them, and the media needs to engage the youth in more productive debates. But what about the youth’s own role?
It is time that the youth realises its own role and tries to mark out its own path. The time for waiting for messiahs, leaders or anyone for that matter is over and we have to start addressing our issues ourselves in whatever capacity we can.
Depression in a way is a sign of good, because it shows love and a strong connection to and concern for the country.
However, at the same time depression coupled with hopelessness and very strong opinions becomes an impediment to the successful resolution of issues. Opinions are good and we hold them because they are a means to an end. We all are working towards the same end, a prosperous Pakistan, then our opinions should be formed after dialogue and though not inherited or accepted blindly.
The youth needs to come out of this endless cycle, and act. This action doesn’t mean coming out on the streets, protesting and falling prey to empty rhetorics, but on the contrary it means developing capability, capacity and competence.
If Jinnah wasn’t a lawyer, if Iqbal wasn’t a philosopher and poet, if Dr Abdul Qadeer, Dr Abdus Salam, Dr Samar Mubarak and Dr Umar Saif weren’t scientists and Babar Iqbal, Ibrahim Shahid and Zohaib Asad weren’t good students could they have done what they did for Pakistan? Education needs to be the top priority for all those who are luck enough to receive it. Only after developing themselves will the youth will be able to develop Pakistan. I am not suggesting a total disconnect from politics or the ongoing situation of the country but the right priorities, where “jalsas”, talk shows, protests and political “chaskey” come only after educational responsibilities. Those lucky enough to receive an education must not waste it and they should also encourage and follow the work of people like Master Auyb (who has been teaching children free for the past twenty years in a park).
Action for young professionals can mean trying to excel in their respective fields, to become entrepreneurs and create jobs and economic opportunities for others as well. There are so many startup companies doing well in Pakistan and there is room for a lot more. The journey isn’t going to be easy. A lot of people talk about the fact that conditions aren’t welcoming or fruitful for their purposes, but this is more or less true for everyone.
No one has ever had everything handed to him or her on a silver platter. Neither did the Prophet Muhammad SAW have the ideal conditions in Mecca to spread Islam nor did Muhammad Ali Jinnah had the ideal conditions to form Pakistan, yet they like so many others persevered and succeeded in time. Change is never overnight and it takes time, but is a worthwhile endeavour to work for.
There are many countries, which are going through or have gone through times similar to the one Pakistan is going through; Singapore, India and even the United States all come to mind.
There is light at the end of the tunnel but only if we have the will and patience to pass through. The youth of this country is undoubtedly its biggest asset and it is up to all of us to make sure it serve its purpose in the best way possible. The purpose of writing this is to not spread despair but to highlight the challenges that lie ahead and to resolve our capability of meeting those challenges, a capability, which is more than adequate only when combined with hard work and patience.

Tears,Apologies and Bluffs.......

Nofal Ramay

Stop the Drama! That’s one statement for it. There has to be a clear difference between a morning show and a theatre performance, and Maya Khan has victoriously blurred it to invisibility. Don’t you get the feel of being cheated, your naivety in gluing your eyes on the morning TV screen being mocked at, and you as audience being hoaxed in the name of  ‘creating awareness’? Yet I should salute Ms. khan for her ‘genuine concern’ for the people of Pakistan and her absolute devotion in shelving her married life in a corner so she could rightly serve the nation.
Any better reasons than the ones given? For they miserably fail to appeal reason. Is she justifying the ‘drama’ staged for ramping up her show ratings by telling us the People of Pakistan; the parents and women, calling her  to take up the issue of park-dating, and that she was simply helping them? How? By orchestrating a brilliant performance and passing it for reality? Was this the only viable way left for her to bring the grave issue to light? Good Maths – minus multiplied by minus gives you plus, but truly Bad Ethics! Two negatives never make a positive is one lesson someone smart might have skipped.
Her fumbled response on not having a do’s and don’ts list must have given you bigger surprises. I’m not aware of an explicit and documented policy or law in our part of the world, but I’m sure of the well-defined, implicit values and notions taught from right after the birth that enlighten a person enough ton be able to differentiate between a glaring wrong and right. What more can I say on that- it’s all quite self-explanatory.
Given a prestigious platform where issues can be discussed and debated upon, without having the necessity of being enacted, does not legitimize any of the given limp excuses. For all the noble deeds Ms. Khan may have in her bank to vouch for her goodness have already come under a credibility check. It’s no one else’s fault; the ‘concerned host’ has herself lent her so-called credibility to fabrications.
And Yes the very NGOs whose good work she discounted for cashing in on the plight of downtrodden women, how does she distinguish herself from them? If this is how she labels them so and unjustly so, shouldn’t she choose a label for herself as well, for standing in precisely the same league. Banking on people’s miseries to earn yourself ratings, what nobility is that?
And a bigger wow to the public show of her private life by having her husband raise a complaint of her selfless devotion to solving her countrymen’s issue. Whatever dose this was, it was pretty inedible.
Being a part of media, to bring out the truth is one uphill task that comes under our very job description as journalists, but to package and present it in the folds of deception and deceit is unequivocally condemnable and despised.

Visualising A Tolerent Pakistan

We began our lives as a nation with hope and idealism. Pakistan and Pakistanis had those beliefs because of the foundation laid by our Quaid, Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Though ignored in our textbooks, in the speeches of parliamentarians and by our state institutions, the speech Mr Jinnah gave to the first constituent assembly of Pakistan on August 11, 1947, should have been enough guidance to our rulers and permanent establishment.
Here are those words: “We should begin to work in that spirit and in course of time all these angularities of the majority and minority communities, the Hindu community and the Muslim community, because even as regards Muslims you have Pathans, Punjabis, Shias, Sunnis and so on, and among the Hindus you have Brahmins, Vashnavas, Khatris, also Bengalis, Madrasis and so on, will vanish. You are free; you are free to go to your temples, you are free to go to your mosques or to any other place or worship in this state of Pakistan. You may belong to any religion or caste or creed, that has nothing to do with the business of the state.”
According to the Quaid, “…you will find that in course of time, Hindus would cease to be Hindus and Muslims would cease to be Muslims, not in the religious sense, because that is the personal faith of each individual, but in the political sense as citizens of the state.”
When Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah and those who worked with him to create a homeland for the Muslims of India began their quest for Pakistan, did they have second thoughts about where they were heading? Or, is it just a tragic consequence that we lost our guide, our leader so soon and lost our way?
Having grown up in a family where Mr Jinnah was known personally, his vision was what propelled us towards this new, brighter future in a land unknown to us. The contrived and Islamist Quaid of Pakistan’s current textbooks never existed. It is nothing less than a tragedy that in post-Ziaul Haq Pakistan, youngsters appear to have been brainwashed with an image of the founding father that has nothing to do with reality.
Jinnah did not only have the ability to tolerate, but also to listen and absorb different views. Among Mr Jinnah’s closest friends, advisors and members of our first cabinet were Hindus, Parsis, Ahmadis, Sunnis, Shias and Christians. Pakistan’s first law minister was a Hindu — Jogendra Nath Mandal. And, it was not tokenism in any form.
Some Pakistanis push for the promotion of a ‘soft image’ for Pakistan through fashion shows and the extravagant entertainment of visiting dignitaries. The reality for vast segments of our population, especially those who are not Sunni Punjabi Muslim males is very different. The unwillingness to address the real concerns of our citizens and to mask it in a cloak of hyper-nationalism is extremely unsettling.
Pakistan’s less powerful communities like the large Shia population, is being steadily targeted. Whether it is Shia doctors and other professionals being killed one by one — while the rest collect their families and leave their homeland for safer grounds — or the poor and voiceless Christian communities, the Hindus of Sindh or our Ahmadi brothers and sisters, none should be forgotten.
The nation must wake up and wake up soon. We have to make choices. Today, our youth has seen more military dictatorships than democracy. The interrupted democracies of Pakistan and their subsequent demonisation by our establishment and our ‘free media’, are undermining the pluralist ideals of our founding fathers.
True democracy is not just about the right to vote. The freedom of the polity to be safe, to express itself freely and ultimately to be equal, if not in number, then as citizens, is the essence of the democratic ideal for which Pakistan was created.
Mob politics and the daily lives of our citizens suffering under the gun of militant groups cannot lead to a happy future for our country. We need to envision a future that is closer to the founders’ aspirations than what has been built by those who lost the way.

Why should we keep America happy

Nofal Ramay

“Why should we keep America happy?” This was a simple question, and the man who asked it had an innocent face. He was an ordinary person, a person like the hundreds and thousands of people who are all around us, and we do not even pay any attention to them, nor do we ever think about them.

These people are born without fanfare, and they have to struggle to get an education. Then they spend 10-15 grueling years in search of a job, and when they get disappointed they take up a job as a sales clerk at a store or set up a small street vending business or get work as a servant somewhere. They get married, and then they pass away after bringing up four or five more ordinary children just like themselves into the world.

After this, new ordinary people try to make a life for themselves just like their parents did. These people are like water bubbles. When they are born no one sees them; when they vanish, no one remembers them. They are so ordinary that even their own younger generations do not use terms like “My father used to say this…” One of these ordinary people decided to come and find me, making the trip from Sahiwal to Islamabad. He asked me a harmless question: “Why should we keep America happy?”

I looked at him in astonishment and said, “They are a superpower and we are the beggars of the superpower street, and beggars do not have any other choice but to keep others happy.” He scratched his head in confusion and softly spoke, “If we do not keep them happy, what will happen?” I smiled and said, “Then a lot of things will happen. America will not give us aid. Because of America’s unhappiness towards us, the World Bank, the IMF, the Asian Development Bank and the other donors will stop our aid as well. Our exports will come to a halt and the foreign money that is coming here will also stop.”

He went on scratching his head and said, in an extremely humble way, “Then what will happen?” I replied, “All development plans will stop. Roads, bridges, and underpasses will not be constructed. Construction of new dams will stop. Industries will shut down. New rail tracks will not be laid. New clean water plants will not be built. All plans to eradicate poverty and empower female independence will be stopped.”

He nodded in agreement and said, “Then what will happen?” I answered, “Then the country will become flooded with price hikes and unemployment, and regular every-day goods will be beyond ordinary people’s purchasing power. Flour, lentils, cooking oil, rice, vegetables — everything will become three times more expensive. The country will be flooded with problems like hunger. There will be cuts in electricity, gas, and water supply. The people in the cities will start fighting with each other. We will not be able to import gasoline, so the cars and railways will stop. Medicine will become unaffordable, and our children will not be able to pay for school fees and textbooks.” I stopped.

He kept scratching his head and kept nodding in agreement and I was amazed at his strange questions. He then asked, “Then what will happen?” I said, “Then Pakistan will be in default.” He raised his head in amazement, and asked, “So, what will this do?” I immediately replied, “We will be cut off from the rest of the world. Our airplanes will not be able to land in other countries. No country in this world will ever lend us money. Our foreign assets and bank accounts will be frozen. We will become isolated from the rest of the world and….”

He listened to what I was saying, looked at me and began to laugh. I stopped talking and looked at him with amazement. He chuckled and said, “But how will all this affect ME? My Pakistan is already in default. For three generations my family and I have been bankrupt. I’ve been isolated from my country, my city, my neighborhood, even my own family. Nobody meets with me. Nobody even looks at me. I have no bank accounts in my own country, let alone other countries. I have no assets in my own city. My relatives do not lend me money. And as far as planes are concerned, no one in the past three generations of my family has ever set foot on a plane. So, I don’t care if the entire country goes on default. I would be happy if you too became isolated like me and if you too could not leave the country like me.”

I stared at him in silence and he said, “You say that, because of America’s unhappiness, there will be a flood of unemployment and price hikes in the country. Well, let it come. It does not affect me. I am already living through the devastation of unemployment and price hikes. I have not found a job even after completing my masters degree. I tried to run a business but it failed for lack of capital. As for flour, lentils, rice, cooking oil, vegetables, meat, chicken, and medicine, it has been a long time since I have been able to afford any of them as it is. I sold my motorcycle to pay off a loan. So gasoline is not a problem for me. I cannot afford to pay my electric and gas bill. And there were gas and electricity cuts even when I was able to pay the bills. So that doesn’t seem like much of a threat. What do I care? If cooking oil costs 1000 rupees per kilo or if flour costs 200 rupees per kilo or if meat goes up to 500 rupees? I can’t afford such luxuries as it is. So the price hikes and the unemployment won’t affect me.”

He sighed. I kept looking at him in astonishment as he continued. “And all those things you said about development work, they don’t concern me either. When America was Pakistan’s close friend, my street was still unpaved. The government never constructed a sewage system for my neighborhood. I had to walk two kilometers just to get to school. Now my children walk barefoot two kilometers to get to school, too. I used to sit on a floor mat to get my education. Now my children are also getting their educations on floor mats. In my day there were no heaters, and the school had no laboratories, playgrounds, or libraries. There were no restrooms or ceiling fans. Now, in my children’s time, the school still doesn’t have them. The road in our neighborhood has been a mess since my grandfather’s time. There is no paved road for my daily commute. There was no factory built where I could work. No dams were built. I have no access to health care. I have to go to the market to buy medicine for my headaches. Meanwhile our politicians, our bureaucrats, and our generals can find treatment even for cancer, and it’s paid for by the government. So I don’t care about this development work. I don’t care if they shut it down.” He stopped talking, took a long sigh, and looked at me in silence.

I looked at him angrily and yelled, “So you want this country to go bankrupt? You want this country to be destroyed?” He laughed and said, “Yes, that is what I want.” I asked him in anger, “Why?” He replied, “Because this country is no longer mine. This country is for elite people like you. Elite people like you do not understand what my needs are. People like you are enjoying this country and its blessings. All that this country offers is reserved for people like you. That’s why you want to save this country from default. It’s because you won’t be able to find these luxuries anywhere else in the world at such a low price. You people cannot be generals, judges, secretaries, ministers, prime ministers, or presidents in any other country. You will not be successful and famous journalists, or businessmen, or traders anywhere else. And nowhere else will you find people like us who will bow down to you. So you people want to save this country from default for the satisfaction of your own egos, stubbornness and self-interest. And if this means sucking up to Europe or America, you won’t hesitate for a second. This is in your interest. And for the sake of this interest you’re ready to make any compromise.

“So that leaves us, the 175 million people whose Pakistan already went into default 30 or 40 years ago, under the rule of people like you. We came out of slavery under the British just to become your slaves today. Yesterday they were our masters; today you are our bosses. Yesterday we were the ones who ensured their luxuries and today we are saving your luxuries from default. We have already defaulted. Now it is your turn.”